cataphora

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

• noun The use of a linguistic unit, such as a pronoun, to refer ahead to another unit, for example, the use of him to refer to John in the sentence Near him, John saw a snake.

from The Century Dictionary.

• noun In pathology, a kind of lethargy or somnolency attended with short remissions or intervals of imperfect waking.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• noun linguistics, rhetoric The use of a pronoun, or other linguistic unit, before the noun phrase to which it refers, sometimes used for rhetorical effect.