glyoxylate

To create the fat-burning mice, the researchers focused on a metabolic strategy used by some bacteria and plants called the glyoxylate shunt.

Can Burning Excess Fat Be As Easy As Exhaling? | Impact Lab 2009

The glyoxylate shunt is composed of just two enzymes.

Can Burning Excess Fat Be As Easy As Exhaling? | Impact Lab 2009

A signal in the enzyme alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase normally directs it to the peroxisome.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1999 1999

It is apparent that worms entering dauer stage may rely heavily on carbohydrate-based energy reserves, whereas dauer larvae utilize fat or glyoxylate cycle-based energy sources.

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In dauer states (dauer-specific induction), FA oxidation (Figure 4B) and the glyoxylate cycle were active.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Salmonella, fatty acids metabolism and the glyoxylate shunt play important roles in their long-term persistence and infection in hosts

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Collectively, our data suggest that pre-dauer larvae rely heavily on carbohydrate-based energy reserves whereas dauer larvae utilize a fat or glyoxylate cycle-based energy source, as suggested previously

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In contrast, the glyoxylate shunt is not complete because isocitrate lyases (icl1 and icl2) and malate synthases are missing.

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Among them, one of the most studied is the anaplerotic utilisation of intracellular carbon sources through the glyoxylate shunt enzyme ICL icl gene after M. tuberculosis infection of macrophages and dendritic cells

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Furthermore, earlier studies reported glyoxylate shunt activity in chickens and rats, suggesting that higher organisms might retain the genes for this pathway but don’t use them; it might be possible to activate dormant genes.

Can Burning Excess Fat Be As Easy As Exhaling? | Impact Lab 2009