protein-protein

His whole example of (paraphrased) "it's easier to gum up something that functions properly than to develop new protein-protein interactions".

Behe 2009

"One can view all necessary biological features that are beyond what it's biologically reasonable to expect of unintelligent processes – for example, all cellular protein complexes containing two or more protein-protein binding sites – as just more and more examples of fine-tuning of the universe for life, akin to the unique events that produced the moon".

Behe 2009

Most protein-protein interactions in the cell are not due to random mutation.

Behe 2009

Which Behe explained in his book where a different class of interactions from host protein-protein interactions.

Behe 2009

We know that protein-protein interactions evolve in the lab and in nature and that it happens one mutation at a time.

Behe's Test 2008

This is a strawman argument, because the evolution of new protein-protein binding sites does not require any such thing.

Behe's Test 2008

Behe makes it very clear in EoE that even the evolution of new protein-protein binding sites (which are required for the creation of molecular machines) is hampered by an asserted requirement for multiple, simultaneous mutations.

Behe's Test 2008

Indeed, he is asserting that it is not possible to build protein complexes because even a single new protein-protein interaction is extremely unlikely to arise.

Behe's Test 2008

His basic premise is that the evolution of certain very fundamental things in the cell, such as new protein-protein binding sites, requires multiple, simultaneous mutations, which are extemely unlikely to happen by natural means.

Behe's Test 2008

From EoE, page 135: "Generating a single new cellular protein-protein binding site is of the same order of difficulty or worse than the development of chloroquine resistance in the malarial parasite".

Behe's Test 2008