Definitions

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

  • noun The material or substance on which an enzyme acts.
  • noun Biology A surface on which an organism grows or is attached.
  • noun An underlying layer; a substratum.
  • noun Linguistics An indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population.

from The Century Dictionary.

  • noun A substratum.
  • To strew or lay under anything.

from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.

  • adjective rare Having very slight furrows.
  • noun rare A substratum.
  • transitive verb obsolete To strew or lay under anything.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

  • noun biochemistry What an enzyme acts upon.
  • noun biology A surface on which an organism grows or to which it is attached.
  • noun An underlying layer; a substratum.
  • noun linguistics A language that is replaced in a population by another language and that influences the language imposed on its speakers.
  • noun plating A metal which is plated with another metal which has different physical properties.
  • noun construction A surface to which a substance adheres.
  • noun The substance lining the bottom edge of an enclosure.
  • verb obsolete, transitive To strew or lay under.

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

  • noun any stratum or layer lying underneath another
  • noun a surface on which an organism grows or is attached
  • noun an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population
  • noun the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or ferment

Etymologies

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition

[From substratum.]

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License

Anglicization of substratum.

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Examples

  • In a breakthrough discovery, we found that the target substrate is covalently modified by multiple moieties of APF-1, a reversible modification that renders the protein substrate susceptible to degradation.

    Aaron Ciechanover - Autobiography 2005

  • When a language, Latin in this case, imposes on a preexisting one, as Latin did Celtic, the original local language is called a substrate language: it sits on a stratum under sub the new language.

    The English Is Coming! Leslie Dunton-Downer 2010

  • When a language, Latin in this case, imposes on a preexisting one, as Latin did Celtic, the original local language is called a substrate language: it sits on a stratum under sub the new language.

    The English Is Coming! Leslie Dunton-Downer 2010

  • Typically, the light in the substrate is internally reflected and runs parallel and not perpendicular.

    More-Efficient OLED Lighting « Isegoria 2008

  • To overcome this problem, the Purdue researchers developed a means to create LEDs on low-cost, metal-coated silicon wafers, whereby the the silicon substrate is metalized with a built-in reflective layer of zirconium nitride.

    Sustainable Design Update » Blog Archive » New Low Cost LED Technology 2008

  • Typically, the light in the substrate is internally reflected and runs parallel and not perpendicular.

    July « 2008 « Isegoria 2008

  • Techniques for creating easel paintings will not successfully color cloth for clothing even if the common substrate is a textile, but neither will they necessarily provide good color for a wall or a metal sign. reference The preparation of the substrate, the application of a coloring material (or materials) and how it is made permanent, the tools needed for application — all of these varied.

    The Creation of Color in Eighteenth-Century Europe 2006

  • In the next step, a flat rubber substrate is stretched and placed on top of the ribbons.

    Boing Boing: December 11, 2005 - December 17, 2005 Archives 2005

  • Accordingly, we hypothesized that covalent attachment of multiple moieties of APF-1 to the target substrate is necessary to render it susceptible to degradation by a downstream protease that recognizes only tagged but not untagged proteins, followed by the release of free and reusable APF-1.

    Aaron Ciechanover - Autobiography 2005

  • Added labeled reaction product rebounds to substrate when unlabeled substrate is added showing that the product form of the enzyme is slow to recycle, the Britton counterflow effect36, 37.

    Irwin Rose - Autobiography 2005

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