transpyloric

Of the larger branches of the abdominal aorta, the celiac artery is 4 cm., the superior mesenteric 2 cm. above the transpyloric line; the renal arteries are 2 cm. below the same line.

XII. Surface Anatomy and Surface Markings. 8. Surface Markings of the Abdomen 1918

The lower limit can be indicated by a line drawn 1 cm. below the lower margin of the thorax on the right side as far as the ninth costal cartilage, thence obliquely upward to the eighth left costal cartilage, crossing the middle line just above the transpyloric plane and finally, with a slight left convexity, to the end of the line indicating the upper limit.

XII. Surface Anatomy and Surface Markings. 8. Surface Markings of the Abdomen 1918

Its body extends along the transpyloric line, the bulk of it lying above this line to the tail which is in the left hypochondriac region slightly to the left of the lateral line and above the transpyloric.

XII. Surface Anatomy and Surface Markings. 8. Surface Markings of the Abdomen 1918

The horizontal part runs with a slight upward slope from the end of the descending part to the left of the middle line; the ascending part is vertical, and reaches the transpyloric line, where it ends in the duodenojejunal flexure, about 2.5 cm. to the left of the middle line.

XII. Surface Anatomy and Surface Markings. 8. Surface Markings of the Abdomen 1918

Plane midway between transpyloric and transtubercular planes.

XII. Surface Anatomy and Surface Markings. 8. Surface Markings of the Abdomen 1918

—The superior part is horizontal and extends from the pylorus to the right lateral line; the descending part is situated medial to the right lateral line, from the transpyloric line to a point midway between the transpyloric and transtubercular lines.

XII. Surface Anatomy and Surface Markings. 8. Surface Markings of the Abdomen 1918

The lower pole is situated midway between the transpyloric and intertubercular planes, 7 cm. from the middle line.

XII. Surface Anatomy and Surface Markings. 8. Surface Markings of the Abdomen 1918

Plane midway between transpyloric and transtubercular planes.

Illustrations. Fig. 1225 1918

To indicate the greater curvature a curved line is drawn from the cardiac orifice to the summit of the fundus, thence downward and to the left, finally turning medialward to the pyloric orifice, but passing, on its way, through the intersection of the left lateral with the transpyloric line.

XII. Surface Anatomy and Surface Markings. 8. Surface Markings of the Abdomen 1918

The pyloric orifice is on the transpyloric line about 1 cm. to the right of the middle line, or alternately 5 cm. below the seventh right sternocostal articulation; it is at the level of the first lumbar vertebra.

XII. Surface Anatomy and Surface Markings. 8. Surface Markings of the Abdomen 1918