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Examples
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One is a corpuscular radiation of the same character as cathode rays and as the analogous beta-rays of radioactive substances, being an emission of electrons.
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Along the beta-rays, on the other hand, are seen isolated droplets, and their tracks show a multitude of different types according to differences in initial velocity.
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To give unimpeachable proof Millikan was obliged to make similar experiments with cathode rays and with alpha - and beta-rays and, moreover, to investigate the law of fall of small bodies through gases and the law of their Brownian movements.
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Their joint work embraced: investigations on beta-rays, their absorbability, magnetic spectra, etc.; use of the radioactive recoil, discovered shortly before by Hahn, to obtain new radioactive transformation products.
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Both earlier and later work by collaborators (Oliver, Hanson, etc.) showed definitely that the frequency of the gene mutations is directly and simply proportional to the dose of irradiation applied, and this despite the wave-length used, whether X - or gamma - or even beta-rays, and despite the timing of the irradiation.
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Who, to-day, shall predict the ultimate service to humanity of the beta-rays from radium! "
The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 (of 4) A Plain Story Simply Told J. Arthur Thomson 1897
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