hanjie

Urban areas and suburb areas were called Han territory (hanjie), while rural and especially hilly and mountainous areas were dominated by indigenous peoples, as was the case in southern Sichuan of the Song period. 76 When Wu Daxun served in Yunnan between 1772 and 1782, he was astonished to see that inside cities are all the Han people, while the indigenous live in valleys and wide fields.

Between Winds and Clouds: The Making of Yunnan (Second Century BCE to Twentieth Century CE) 2008