nonconformity

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

• noun Refusal or failure to conform to accepted standards, conventions, rules, or laws.
• noun An instance of this.
• noun Refusal to accept or conform to the doctrines, usage, or polity of the Church of England.
• noun Geology An unconformity in which the underlying strata are composed of igneous or metamorphic rock and the overlying strata are composed of sedimentary rock.

from The Century Dictionary.

• noun Neglect or failure to conform, especially to some ecclesiastical law or requirement.
• noun Specifically, in eccles. usage:
• noun The refusal to conform to the rites, tenets, or polity of an established or state church, and especially of the Church of England.
• noun The doctrines or usages of those English Protestants who do not conform to or unite with the Church of England.

from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.

• noun Neglect or failure of conformity; especially, in England, the neglect or refusal to unite with the established church in its rites and modes of worship.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• noun rejection of or the failure to conform, especially to standards, rules, or laws
• noun religion the refusal to adhere to a state religion
• noun geology A type of unconformity in which a non-sedimentary rock intrudes in sedimentary layers.

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

• noun lack of harmony or correspondence
• noun a lack of orthodoxy in thoughts or beliefs
• noun unorthodoxy as a consequence of not conforming to expected standards or values
• noun failure to conform to accepted standards of behavior