Definitions

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

  • noun The period of merrymaking and feasting celebrated just before Lent.
  • noun A traveling amusement show usually including rides, games, and sideshows.
  • noun A festival or revel.

from The Century Dictionary.

  • noun The feast or season of rejoicing before Lent, observed in Roman Catholic countries with public merriment and revelry, feasts, balls, operas, concerts, etc.
  • noun Figuratively, feasting or revelry in general.

from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.

  • noun A festival celebrated with merriment and revelry in Roman Gatholic countries during the week before Lent, esp. at Rome and Naples, during a few days (three to ten) before Lent, ending with Shrove Tuesday.
  • noun Any merrymaking, feasting, or masquerading, especially when overstepping the bounds of decorum; a time of riotous excess.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

  • noun A festive occasion marked by parades and sometimes special foods and other entertainment

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

  • noun a frenetic disorganized (and often comic) disturbance suggestive of a large public entertainment
  • noun a traveling show; having sideshows and rides and games of skill etc.
  • noun a festival marked by merrymaking and processions

Etymologies

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition

[Italian carnevale, from Old Italian carnelevare, Shrovetide : carne, meat (from Latin carō, carn-; see sker- in Indo-European roots) + levare, to remove (from Latin levāre, to raise; see legwh- in Indo-European roots).]

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License

From Italian carnevale, from the Latin phrase carnem levāre, to put away meat

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Examples

  • Baker said he has a bone to pick with people who use the term "carnival barker" and admitted to being shocked when the President singled out his industry.

    The Full Feed from HuffingtonPost.com The Huffington Post News Editors 2011

  • However, Zigun -- who says he voted for Obama in 2008 and will probably support him again in 2012 -- does believe the President misspoke when he used the term "carnival barker."

    The Full Feed from HuffingtonPost.com The Huffington Post News Editors 2011

  • For one of the boys, the carnival is always the best thing to happen all year; the other boy is a little afraid of the carnival's presence.

    Boing Boing 2007

  • A small walk-up eatery that serves what I call carnival-type food.

    Restaurant Meme 2007

  • A small walk-up eatery that serves what I call carnival-type food.

    Archive 2007-06-01 2007

  • Mr. Martival, however, appears to have thought otherwise, for one night, after what they call their carnival dance here, which every one in the neighborhood had attended, Mr. Martival had the brutality to close his doors against her, and refuse to let her enter the house.

    The New Tenant 1906

  • "There's been quite a bit of what we call carnival revival," said Darren Tristano, a restaurant expert at market researcher Technomic.

    chicagotribune.com - News 2010

  • "There's been quite a bit of what we call carnival revival," said Darren Tristano, a restaurant expert at market researcher Technomic.

    chicagotribune.com - News 2010

  • “I haven’t seen Ingrid since the carnival,” she said, stressing the word carnival to jolt his memory.

    Stones from the River Ursula Hegi 1994

  • “I haven’t seen Ingrid since the carnival,” she said, stressing the word carnival to jolt his memory.

    Stones from the River Ursula Hegi 1994

Comments

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  • This being Wordie, naturally the etymological discussion of carnival is on shrovetide.

    February 17, 2009

  • "Whatever social category you had been boxed into—male or female, rich or poor—carnival was a chance to escape from it."

    —Barbara Ehrenreich, Dancing in the Streets: A History of Collective Joy (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2006), 88

    Great book, by the way, if you have an interest in carnival. Here's another paragraph that I found compelling:

    "Finally, with secularization, there had to be a realization that festivity, even when it occurred on religious holidays, was ultimately a product of human agency. Ancient Dionysian revelers and Christian glossolaliacs believed that their moments of ecstasy were the gifts of a deity. But when the church doors closed shut on festivity in the late Middle Ages, the revelers must have understood that whatever joys they found were of their own, entirely human, creation. Huge amounts of effort and expense went into a successful celebration: Costumes had to be sewed, dance steps and dramas rehearsed, sets built, special pastries and meats prepared. Pleasures crafted with so much creativity and forethought—pleasures that, moreover, were often barely tolerated by the ecclesiastical establishment—can hardly be said to come from God. In the secularized festivities of the late Middle Ages, people could discover the truth of Mikhail Bakhtin's great insight: that carnival is something people create and generate for themselves. Or, as Goethe wrote, carnival 'is a festival that really is not given to the people, but one the people give themselves.'"

    (p. 94–95)

    March 14, 2009